Thema

OG-Bilder in JavaScript

Generieren Sie og:image in JavaScript mit der FastOG-API – mit einem Dynamic-API-Abonnement (erstellen Sie Ihren API-Schlüssel im Dashboard), abonnementbasiert, HMAC-gesichert. Diese Anleitung zeigt Ihnen, wie Sie ein Signatur-Dienstprogramm (Signer) für HMAC-signierte OG-Bild-URLs erstellen und dynamische Open-Graph-Bilder im laufenden Betrieb rendern. Testen Sie den kostenlosen OG-Bild-Tester, um eine Vorschau anzuzeigen, bevor Sie live gehen.

Inhaltsverzeichnis

  1. Schnellstart (5 Minuten)
  2. Next.js App Router
  3. Next.js Pages Router
  4. Express.js-Backend
  5. Vanilla Node.js
  6. Frontend-Integrationsmuster
  7. Testen und Debugging
  8. Häufige Fehlerquellen

Schnellstart

Ziel: In 5 Minuten eine signierte OG-Bild-URL generieren.

Schritt 1: Abhängigkeiten installieren

bash
npm install crypto  # Built-in, no install needed

Schritt 2: Signer-Dienstprogramm erstellen

javascript
// lib/og-image-signer.js
import crypto from "crypto";

export function generateSignedOgUrl(params, options = {}) {
    const {
        baseUrl = "https://fastog.com/api/v1/og",
        apiKey = process.env.FASTOG_API_KEY,
        hmacSecret = process.env.FASTOG_HMAC_SECRET,
    } = options;

    if (!apiKey || !hmacSecret) {
        throw new Error("Missing FASTOG_API_KEY or FASTOG_HMAC_SECRET");
    }

    // RFC-3986 percent-encoding: keep A-Za-z0-9-._~
    const enc = (s) =>
        encodeURIComponent(s).replace(
            /[!'()*]/g,
            (c) => "%" + c.charCodeAt(0).toString(16).toUpperCase(),
        );

    // Every query param except the signature, INCLUDING key
    const all = { ...params, key: apiKey };

    // Canonical query: sorted enc(key)=enc(value) pairs joined with &
    const pairs = [];
    for (const [k, v] of Object.entries(all)) {
        for (const vv of Array.isArray(v) ? v : [v]) {
            pairs.push(`${enc(k)}=${enc(vv)}`);
        }
    }
    pairs.sort();
    const canonical = pairs.join("&");

    // Sign the exact bytes the server will verify
    const signature = crypto
        .createHmac("sha256", hmacSecret)
        .update(`GET/api/v1/og\n${canonical}`)
        .digest("hex");

    // Build the URL from the same pairs so bytes match the canonical form
    const url = new URL(baseUrl);
    for (const [k, v] of Object.entries(all)) {
        for (const vv of Array.isArray(v) ? v : [v]) {
            url.searchParams.append(Array.isArray(v) ? `${k}[]` : k, vv);
        }
    }
    url.searchParams.set("s", signature);

    return url.toString();
}

Schritt 3: In Ihrer App verwenden

javascript
// app/blog/[slug]/page.jsx
import { generateSignedOgUrl } from "@/lib/og-image-signer";

export async function generateMetadata({ params }) {
    const post = await getPost(params.slug);

    const ogImageUrl = generateSignedOgUrl({
        template: "blog",
        title: post.title,
        subtitle: post.excerpt,
    });

    return {
        openGraph: {
            images: [ogImageUrl],
        },
    };
}

Schritt 4: Testen

Der Signer ist ein ES-Modul (import/export), verwenden Sie daher ein dynamisches import():

bash
node -e "
import('./lib/og-image-signer.js').then(({ generateSignedOgUrl }) => {
    console.log(generateSignedOgUrl({ title: 'Test' }));
});
"

Next.js App Router

typescript
// app/blog/[slug]/page.tsx
import { generateSignedOgUrl } from "@/lib/og-image-signer";
import { getPost } from "@/lib/posts";

interface PageProps {
    params: Promise<{ slug: string }>;
}

export async function generateMetadata({ params }: PageProps) {
    const { slug } = await params;
    const post = await getPost(slug);

    const ogImageUrl = generateSignedOgUrl({
        template: "blog",
        title: post.title,
        subtitle: post.excerpt,
        author: post.author.name,
        // Optional: customize colors
        theme: "indigo",
    });

    return {
        title: post.title,
        description: post.excerpt,
        openGraph: {
            title: post.title,
            description: post.excerpt,
            images: [
                {
                    url: ogImageUrl,
                    width: 1200,
                    height: 630,
                    alt: post.title,
                },
            ],
            type: "article",
        },
        twitter: {
            card: "summary_large_image",
            images: [ogImageUrl],
        },
    };
}

Muster 2: API-Routen-Proxy

Verwenden Sie dies, wenn Sie OG-Bilder zwischenspeichern oder benutzerdefinierte Logik hinzufügen möchten.

typescript
// app/api/og/route.ts
import { NextRequest, NextResponse } from "next/server";
import { generateSignedOgUrl } from "@/lib/og-image-signer";

export async function GET(request: NextRequest) {
    try {
        const { searchParams } = new URL(request.url);
        const title = searchParams.get("title");
        const template = searchParams.get("template") || "default";

        if (!title) {
            return NextResponse.json(
                { error: "Missing title parameter" },
                { status: 400 },
            );
        }

        // Generate signed URL
        const ogImageUrl = generateSignedOgUrl({
            template,
            title,
        });

        // Option 1: Redirect to FastOG
        return NextResponse.redirect(ogImageUrl);

        // Option 2: Fetch and return image (for caching)
        // const response = await fetch(ogImageUrl);
        // const imageBuffer = await response.arrayBuffer();
        // return new NextResponse(imageBuffer, {
        //     headers: {
        //         'Content-Type': 'image/png',
        //         'Cache-Control': 'public, max-age=31536000, immutable',
        //     },
        // });
    } catch (error) {
        console.error("OG image generation failed:", error);
        return NextResponse.json(
            { error: "Failed to generate OG image" },
            { status: 500 },
        );
    }
}

Verwendung:

typescript
// In your component
<meta property="og:image" content={`/api/og?title=${encodeURIComponent(post.title)}`} />

Muster 3: Server-Komponente direkt

typescript
// app/blog/[slug]/page.tsx
import { generateSignedOgUrl } from '@/lib/og-image-signer';

export default async function BlogPost({ params }) {
    const post = await getPost(params.slug);

    const ogImageUrl = generateSignedOgUrl({
        template: 'blog',
        title: post.title,
    });

    return (
        <article>
            <head>
                <meta property="og:image" content={ogImageUrl} />
                <meta property="og:title" content={post.title} />
            </head>
            {/* ... post content ... */}
        </article>
    );
}

Next.js Pages Router

typescript
// pages/blog/[slug].tsx
import { generateSignedOgUrl } from '@/lib/og-image-signer';
import { GetStaticProps, GetStaticPaths } from 'next';

interface BlogPostProps {
    post: Post;
    ogImageUrl: string;
}

export default function BlogPost({ post, ogImageUrl }: BlogPostProps) {
    return (
        <>
            <Head>
                <meta property="og:image" content={ogImageUrl} />
                <meta property="og:title" content={post.title} />
                <meta property="og:description" content={post.excerpt} />
            </Head>
            <article>
                <h1>{post.title}</h1>
                <p>{post.excerpt}</p>
            </article>
        </>
    );
}

export async function getStaticPaths() {
    // Generate paths...
}

export async function getStaticProps({ params }) {
    const post = await getPost(params.slug);

    const ogImageUrl = generateSignedOgUrl({
        template: 'blog',
        title: post.title,
        subtitle: post.excerpt,
    });

    return {
        props: {
            post,
            ogImageUrl,
        },
    };
}

Express.js-Backend

Einrichtung

bash
npm install express crypto

Implementierung

javascript
// app.js
import express from "express";
import crypto from "crypto";
import { URL } from "url";

const app = express();

function generateSignedOgUrl(params, options = {}) {
    const {
        baseUrl = "https://fastog.com/api/v1/og",
        apiKey = process.env.FASTOG_API_KEY,
        hmacSecret = process.env.FASTOG_HMAC_SECRET,
    } = options;

    // RFC-3986 percent-encoding: keep A-Za-z0-9-._~
    const enc = (s) =>
        encodeURIComponent(s).replace(
            /[!'()*]/g,
            (c) => "%" + c.charCodeAt(0).toString(16).toUpperCase(),
        );

    // Every query param except the signature, INCLUDING key
    const all = { ...params, key: apiKey };

    // Canonical query: sorted enc(key)=enc(value) pairs joined with &
    const pairs = [];
    for (const [k, v] of Object.entries(all)) {
        for (const vv of Array.isArray(v) ? v : [v]) {
            pairs.push(`${enc(k)}=${enc(vv)}`);
        }
    }
    pairs.sort();
    const canonical = pairs.join("&");

    // Sign the exact bytes the server will verify
    const signature = crypto
        .createHmac("sha256", hmacSecret)
        .update(`GET/api/v1/og\n${canonical}`)
        .digest("hex");

    // Build the URL from the same pairs so bytes match the canonical form
    const url = new URL(baseUrl);
    for (const [k, v] of Object.entries(all)) {
        for (const vv of Array.isArray(v) ? v : [v]) {
            url.searchParams.append(Array.isArray(v) ? `${k}[]` : k, vv);
        }
    }
    url.searchParams.set("s", signature);

    return url.toString();
}

// Blog post route
app.get("/blog/:slug", async (req, res) => {
    const post = await getPost(req.params.slug);

    const ogImageUrl = generateSignedOgUrl({
        template: "blog",
        title: post.title,
        subtitle: post.excerpt,
    });

    res.render("blog/post", {
        post,
        ogImageUrl,
    });
});

// API endpoint for dynamic OG images
app.get("/api/og", (req, res) => {
    const { title, template = "default" } = req.query;

    if (!title) {
        return res.status(400).json({ error: "Missing title" });
    }

    const ogImageUrl = generateSignedOgUrl({
        template,
        title,
    });

    res.json({ ogImageUrl });
});

app.listen(3000, () => {
    console.log("Server running on port 3000");
});

EJS-Vorlage

ejs
<!-- views/blog/post.ejs -->
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
    <meta property="og:image" content="<%= ogImageUrl %>" />
    <meta property="og:title" content="<%= post.title %>" />
    <meta property="og:description" content="<%= post.excerpt %>" />
</head>
<body>
    <h1><%= post.title %></h1>
</body>
</html>

Vanilla Node.js

javascript
// og-signer.js
const crypto = require("crypto");
const { URL } = require("url");

function generateSignedOgUrl(params, options = {}) {
    const {
        baseUrl = "https://fastog.com/api/v1/og",
        apiKey = process.env.FASTOG_API_KEY,
        hmacSecret = process.env.FASTOG_HMAC_SECRET,
    } = options;

    // RFC-3986 percent-encoding: keep A-Za-z0-9-._~
    const enc = (s) =>
        encodeURIComponent(s).replace(
            /[!'()*]/g,
            (c) => "%" + c.charCodeAt(0).toString(16).toUpperCase(),
        );

    // Every query param except the signature, INCLUDING key
    const all = { ...params, key: apiKey };

    // Canonical query: sorted enc(key)=enc(value) pairs joined with &
    const pairs = [];
    for (const [k, v] of Object.entries(all)) {
        for (const vv of Array.isArray(v) ? v : [v]) {
            pairs.push(`${enc(k)}=${enc(vv)}`);
        }
    }
    pairs.sort();
    const canonical = pairs.join("&");

    // Sign the exact bytes the server will verify
    const signature = crypto
        .createHmac("sha256", hmacSecret)
        .update(`GET/api/v1/og\n${canonical}`)
        .digest("hex");

    // Build the URL from the same pairs so bytes match the canonical form
    const url = new URL(baseUrl);
    for (const [k, v] of Object.entries(all)) {
        for (const vv of Array.isArray(v) ? v : [v]) {
            url.searchParams.append(Array.isArray(v) ? `${k}[]` : k, vv);
        }
    }
    url.searchParams.set("s", signature);

    return url.toString();
}

module.exports = { generateSignedOgUrl };

Verwendung:

javascript
// index.js
const { generateSignedOgUrl } = require("./og-signer");

const ogUrl = generateSignedOgUrl({
    template: "blog",
    title: "My Blog Post",
});

console.log("OG Image URL:", ogUrl);

Frontend-Integrationsmuster

Muster 1: Statische Seitengenerierung (SSG)

Am besten geeignet für: Blogbeiträge, Produktseiten, Inhalte, die sich nicht häufig ändern.

typescript
// Generate at build time
export async function generateStaticParams() {
    const posts = await getAllPosts();
    return posts.map((post) => ({ slug: post.slug }));
}

export async function generateMetadata({ params }) {
    const post = await getPost(params.slug);

    return {
        openGraph: {
            images: [generateSignedOgUrl({ title: post.title })],
        },
    };
}

Muster 2: Serverseitiges Rendering (SSR)

Am besten geeignet für: Dynamische Inhalte, benutzerspezifische Seiten.

typescript
export default async function Page({ params }) {
    const data = await fetchData(params.id);
    const ogImageUrl = generateSignedOgUrl({ title: data.title });

    return (
        <>
            <Head>
                <meta property="og:image" content={ogImageUrl} />
            </Head>
            <Content data={data} />
        </>
    );
}

Muster 3: Clientseitiger Fallback

Wenn eine serverseitige Generierung nicht möglich ist.

typescript
'use client';

import { useEffect, useState } from 'react';

export default function ShareButtons({ post }) {
    const [ogImageUrl, setOgImageUrl] = useState<string | null>(null);

    useEffect(() => {
        // Fetch from your API that generates signed URLs
        fetch(`/api/og?title=${encodeURIComponent(post.title)}`)
            .then(res => res.json())
            .then(data => setOgImageUrl(data.ogImageUrl));
    }, [post.title]);

    const shareUrl = ogImageUrl || '/fallback-og.png';

    return (
        <div>
            <button onClick={() => shareToTwitter(shareUrl)}>
                Share on Twitter
            </button>
        </div>
    );
}

⚠️ Warnung: Bei clientseitiger Generierung sehen Social-Crawler das dynamische OG-Bild nicht. Verwenden Sie, wenn möglich, SSR/SSG.


Tests & Debugging

Unit-Tests

javascript
// __tests__/og-image-signer.test.js
import { generateSignedOgUrl } from "../lib/og-image-signer";

describe("generateSignedOgUrl", () => {
    const mockParams = {
        title: "Test Post",
        template: "blog",
    };

    const mockOptions = {
        apiKey: "sk_test1234567890",
        hmacSecret: "a".repeat(64),
    };

    it("generates a valid URL", () => {
        const url = generateSignedOgUrl(mockParams, mockOptions);
        expect(url).toMatch(/^https:\/\/fastog\.com\/api\/v1\/og\?/);
        expect(url).toContain("key=sk_test");
        expect(url).toContain("s=");
    });

    it("includes all params", () => {
        const url = generateSignedOgUrl(mockParams, mockOptions);
        const parsed = new URL(url);
        expect(parsed.searchParams.get("title")).toBe("Test Post");
        expect(parsed.searchParams.get("template")).toBe("blog");
    });

    it("throws without API key", () => {
        expect(() => generateSignedOgUrl(mockParams, {})).toThrow();
    });
});

Manuelles Testen

bash
# 1. Generate URL (ES module — use dynamic import)
node -e "
import('./lib/og-image-signer.js').then(({ generateSignedOgUrl }) => {
    const url = generateSignedOgUrl({ title: 'Test' });
    console.log(url);
});
"

# 2. Test with curl
curl "https://fastog.com/api/v1/og?title=Test&key=sk_quick_123abc&s=<sig>"

# 3. Check response headers
curl -I "https://fastog.com/api/v1/og?title=Test&key=sk_quick_123abc&s=<sig>"

Debug-Modus

javascript
function generateSignedOgUrl(params, options = {}) {
    const debug = options.debug || process.env.DEBUG_OG === "true";

    // ... existing code ...

    if (debug) {
        console.log("OG URL Debug:", {
            baseUrl,
            canonical,
            apiKey,
            signature,
            finalUrl: url.toString(),
        });
    }

    return url.toString();
}

Häufige Fehlerquellen

1. HMAC-Geheimnis im Client-Code offenlegen

❌ Falsch:

javascript
// In client component
const ogUrl = generateSignedOgUrl(params, {
    hmacSecret: process.env.NEXT_PUBLIC_HMAC_SECRET,
});

✅ Richtig:

javascript
// In server component or API route
export async function generateMetadata() {
    const ogUrl = generateSignedOgUrl(params);
    // ...
}

2. URL-Kodierung nicht berücksichtigen

❌ Falsch:

javascript
const url = `${baseUrl}?title=${params.title}&key=${apiKey}`;

✅ Richtig:

javascript
const url = new URL(baseUrl);
url.searchParams.set("title", params.title);
url.searchParams.set("key", apiKey);

3. Andere Bytes signieren als Sie senden

Die Signatur umfasst GET/api/v1/og plus einen Zeilenumbruch plus die kanonische Abfrage — die sortierten enc(key)=enc(value)-Paare jedes Parameters außer s, einschließlich key. Erstellen Sie die endgültige URL aus denselben kodierten Paaren, andernfalls gibt der Server 401 invalid_signature zurück.


Umgebungsvariablen

bash
# .env.local
FASTOG_API_KEY=sk_your_full_api_key_here
FASTOG_HMAC_SECRET=your_64_char_hex_secret_here
FASTOG_BASE_URL=https://fastog.com/api/v1/og
typescript
// lib/env.ts
import { z } from "zod";

const envSchema = z.object({
    FASTOG_API_KEY: z.string().startsWith("sk_"),
    FASTOG_HMAC_SECRET: z.string().length(64),
    FASTOG_BASE_URL: z
        .string()
        .url()
        .optional()
        .default("https://fastog.com/api/v1/og"),
});

export const env = envSchema.parse(process.env);

Nächste Schritte

Vollständige API-Referenz

Kostenlos testen – keine Anmeldung erforderlich

Vorschau und Test dynamischer OG-Bilder in Sekunden.

Kostenlosen OG-Bild-Tester öffnen

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