Generación de imágenes OG para aplicaciones React
Genera og:image con React usando la API de FastOG — con una suscripción a Dynamic API (crea tu clave de API en el dashboard), basada en suscripción y asegurada con HMAC. Esta guía te muestra cómo crear una utilidad de firma (signer) para URLs de imágenes OG firmadas con HMAC y renderizar imágenes Open Graph dinámicas sobre la marcha. Prueba el Probador de Imágenes OG Gratuito para previsualizar tu diseño antes de publicarlo.
Inicio rápido
1. Crear la utilidad del firmante (signer)
// src/utils/og-image-signer.js
export async function generateSignedOgUrl(params, options = {}) {
const {
baseUrl = "https://fastog.com/api/v1/og",
apiKey = import.meta.env.VITE_FASTOG_API_KEY ||
process.env.REACT_APP_FASTOG_API_KEY,
hmacSecret = import.meta.env.VITE_FASTOG_HMAC_SECRET ||
process.env.REACT_APP_FASTOG_HMAC_SECRET,
} = options;
if (!apiKey || !hmacSecret) {
throw new Error("Missing FASTOG_API_KEY or FASTOG_HMAC_SECRET");
}
// RFC-3986 percent-encoding: keep A-Za-z0-9-._~
const enc = (s) =>
encodeURIComponent(s).replace(
/[!'()*]/g,
(c) => "%" + c.charCodeAt(0).toString(16).toUpperCase(),
);
// Every query param except the signature, INCLUDING key
const all = { ...params, key: apiKey };
// Canonical query: sorted enc(key)=enc(value) pairs joined with &
const pairs = [];
for (const [k, v] of Object.entries(all)) {
for (const vv of Array.isArray(v) ? v : [v]) {
pairs.push(`${enc(k)}=${enc(vv)}`);
}
}
pairs.sort();
const canonical = pairs.join("&");
// Sign the exact bytes the server will verify (Web Crypto HMAC-SHA256)
const signingKey = await crypto.subtle.importKey(
"raw",
new TextEncoder().encode(hmacSecret),
{ name: "HMAC", hash: "SHA-256" },
false,
["sign"],
);
const signature = Array.from(
new Uint8Array(
await crypto.subtle.sign(
"HMAC",
signingKey,
new TextEncoder().encode(`GET/api/v1/og\n${canonical}`),
),
),
)
.map((b) => b.toString(16).padStart(2, "0"))
.join("");
// Build the URL from the same pairs so bytes match the canonical form
const url = new URL(baseUrl);
for (const [k, v] of Object.entries(all)) {
for (const vv of Array.isArray(v) ? v : [v]) {
url.searchParams.append(Array.isArray(v) ? `${k}[]` : k, vv);
}
}
url.searchParams.set("s", signature);
return url.toString();
}
⚠️ Importante: En las SPA de React, la firma se realiza en el cliente. Para producción, mueve la firma a una ruta de API del backend para mantener la secreta HMAC segura.
Ruta de API del Backend (Recomendada)
Backend con Express
// server/routes/og.js
import express from "express";
import crypto from "crypto";
const router = express.Router();
router.get("/api/og", (req, res) => {
const { title, template = "default", ...params } = req.query;
if (!title) {
return res.status(400).json({ error: "Missing title" });
}
const apiKey = process.env.FASTOG_API_KEY;
const hmacSecret = process.env.FASTOG_HMAC_SECRET;
const enc = (s) =>
encodeURIComponent(s).replace(
/[!'()*]/g,
(c) => "%" + c.charCodeAt(0).toString(16).toUpperCase(),
);
const all = { template, title, ...params, key: apiKey };
const pairs = [];
for (const [k, v] of Object.entries(all)) {
for (const vv of Array.isArray(v) ? v : [v]) {
pairs.push(`${enc(k)}=${enc(vv)}`);
}
}
pairs.sort();
const canonical = pairs.join("&");
const signature = crypto
.createHmac("sha256", hmacSecret)
.update(`GET/api/v1/og\n${canonical}`)
.digest("hex");
const url = new URL("https://fastog.com/api/v1/og");
for (const [k, v] of Object.entries(all)) {
for (const vv of Array.isArray(v) ? v : [v]) {
url.searchParams.append(Array.isArray(v) ? `${k}[]` : k, vv);
}
}
url.searchParams.set("s", signature);
res.json({ ogImageUrl: url.toString() });
});
export default router;
Componente React
// src/components/OgImage.jsx
import { useState, useEffect } from "react";
export function useOgImage(params) {
const [ogImageUrl, setOgImageUrl] = useState(null);
useEffect(() => {
const searchParams = new URLSearchParams(params);
fetch(`/api/og?${searchParams}`)
.then((res) => res.json())
.then((data) => setOgImageUrl(data.ogImageUrl))
.catch((err) => console.error("Failed to generate OG image:", err));
}, [JSON.stringify(params)]);
return ogImageUrl;
}
Ejemplo de publicación de blog
// src/pages/BlogPost.jsx
import { useEffect, useState } from "react";
import { useOgImage } from "../components/OgImage";
export default function BlogPost({ post }) {
const ogImageUrl = useOgImage({
title: post.title,
template: "blog",
subtitle: post.excerpt,
});
useEffect(() => {
const ogImage = document.querySelector('meta[property="og:image"]');
if (ogImage && ogImageUrl) {
ogImage.setAttribute("content", ogImageUrl);
}
}, [ogImageUrl]);
return (
<article>
<h1>{post.title}</h1>
<p>{post.excerpt}</p>
</article>
);
}
React Helmet (SSR)
// src/pages/BlogPost.jsx
import { Helmet } from "react-helmet-async";
import { useOgImage } from "../components/OgImage";
export default function BlogPost({ post }) {
const ogImageUrl = useOgImage({
title: post.title,
template: "blog",
subtitle: post.excerpt,
});
return (
<>
<Helmet>
<meta
property="og:image"
content={ogImageUrl || "/fallback-og.png"}
/>
<meta property="og:title" content={post.title} />
<meta property="og:description" content={post.excerpt} />
</Helmet>
<article>
<h1>{post.title}</h1>
</article>
</>
);
}
Next.js (React Framework)
Para Next.js, consulta los tutoriales dedicados de Next.js App Router y Next.js Pages Router.
Remix
// app/routes/blog.$slug.jsx
import { json } from "@remix-run/node";
import { useLoaderData } from "@remix-run/react";
import { generateSignedOgUrl } from "~/lib/og-image-signer.server";
export async function loader({ params }) {
const post = await getPost(params.slug);
const ogImageUrl = generateSignedOgUrl({
template: "blog",
title: post.title,
subtitle: post.excerpt,
});
return json({ post, ogImageUrl });
}
export function meta({ data }) {
return [
{ title: data.post.title },
{ property: "og:image", content: data.ogImageUrl },
{ property: "og:title", content: data.post.title },
];
}
export default function BlogPost() {
const { post } = useLoaderData();
return (
<article>
<h1>{post.title}</h1>
</article>
);
}
Firmante del lado del servidor (Node.js)
// lib/og-image-signer.server.js
import crypto from "crypto";
export function generateSignedOgUrl(params, options = {}) {
const {
baseUrl = "https://fastog.com/api/v1/og",
apiKey = process.env.FASTOG_API_KEY,
hmacSecret = process.env.FASTOG_HMAC_SECRET,
} = options;
// RFC-3986 percent-encoding: keep A-Za-z0-9-._~
const enc = (s) =>
encodeURIComponent(s).replace(
/[!'()*]/g,
(c) => "%" + c.charCodeAt(0).toString(16).toUpperCase(),
);
// Every query param except the signature, INCLUDING key
const all = { ...params, key: apiKey };
// Canonical query: sorted enc(key)=enc(value) pairs joined with &
const pairs = [];
for (const [k, v] of Object.entries(all)) {
for (const vv of Array.isArray(v) ? v : [v]) {
pairs.push(`${enc(k)}=${enc(vv)}`);
}
}
pairs.sort();
const canonical = pairs.join("&");
// Sign the exact bytes the server will verify
const signature = crypto
.createHmac("sha256", hmacSecret)
.update(`GET/api/v1/og\n${canonical}`)
.digest("hex");
// Build the URL from the same pairs so bytes match the canonical form
const url = new URL(baseUrl);
for (const [k, v] of Object.entries(all)) {
for (const vv of Array.isArray(v) ? v : [v]) {
url.searchParams.append(Array.isArray(v) ? `${k}[]` : k, vv);
}
}
url.searchParams.set("s", signature);
return url.toString();
}
Variables de entorno
# .env (Vite)
VITE_FASTOG_API_KEY=sk_your_full_api_key_here
VITE_FASTOG_HMAC_SECRET=your_64_char_hex_secret_here
# .env (Create React App)
REACT_APP_FASTOG_API_KEY=sk_your_full_api_key_here
REACT_APP_FASTOG_HMAC_SECRET=your_64_char_hex_secret_here
# Server .env
FASTOG_API_KEY=sk_your_full_api_key_here
FASTOG_HMAC_SECRET=your_64_char_hex_secret_here
Errores comunes
Exponer el secreto HMAC en el código del cliente
❌ Incorrecto:
// In browser code
const ogUrl = generateSignedOgUrl(params, {
hmacSecret: import.meta.env.VITE_FASTOG_HMAC_SECRET,
});
✅ Correcto:
// Call your backend API
const res = await fetch(`/api/og?title=${post.title}`);
const { ogImageUrl } = await res.json();
No actualizar las metaetiquetas
Los rastreadores sociales necesitan las metaetiquetas en el HTML inicial. Usa SSR (Next.js, Remix) o un proxy de backend para un soporte adecuado de la imagen OG.